Evidence regarding the stability of the factor structure across ethnicities is more mixed ( Sullivan & Kosson, 2006). For example, meta-analytic work suggests that African Americans and Caucasians have equivalent levels of psychopathic traits ( Skeem, Edens, Sanford, & Coldwell, 2003), and preliminary work suggests that the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R Hare, 2003) scores work similarly across ethnicities, with equal discriminating power but small differences in threshold for some behavioral items ( Cooke et al., 2001).
Several studies have examined the generalizability of psychopathy across ethnic groups, though many of these studies focus on prevalence rate differences, the generalizability of internal factor structure, or item response characteristics.
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